The application of nanocellulose in the construction industry is extensive, primarily due to its unique physical properties and environmental friendliness. It can be used as a cement reinforcing agent, thermal insulation material, eco-friendly paint, and nanocellulose-based soundproofing material. The application of nanocellulose has brought many innovative and environmentally friendly solutions to the construction industry, promoting the sustainable development of building materials. With its renewable, eco-friendly, and superior performance characteristics, nanocellulose is bound to play an increasingly important role in green building design, helping the construction industry achieve sustainable development.